Mathematical Apparatuses
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Concepts it verify
CIRCLE THEOREMS
Su-Art-CT-01-20

- 1. Radius tangent theorem
- 2. Two tangent theorem
- 3. Angle subtended by the arc at the centre
- 4. Angles subtended by the same arc at circumference
- 5. Tangent Chord theorem
- 6. Cyclic quadrilateral theorem
PYTHAGORAS / AREA THEOREMS
Su-Art-PAT-02-20

- 1. Pythagoras theorem
- 2. Ratio of area of triangle theorem
- 3. Determining the area of triangle with same altitude
- 4. Verifying that the area of triangle is half the parallelogram on the same base
- 5. Verifying the parallelograms has the same area if the base is same
ESTIMATING 'PI'
Su-Art-PI-03-20

- 1. Estimating ‘Pi’ with two methods
- [1.1] Thread method
- [1.2] Rotation method
PARALLEL LINES / TRIANGLE PROPERTIES
Su-Art-PTP-04-20

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1. Opposite angle theorem (For pair of line segment intersecting)
- 2. Parallel line theorem
- [a] Corresponding angles
- [b] Interior alternate angles
- [c] Interior alternate angles on the same side
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[d] Interior alternate angles on the same side
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3. Checking for the parallel lines
- 4. Exterior angle of a triangle and its properties
- [a] For Acute angle triangle
- [b] For obtuse angle triangle
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[c] For Right angle triangle
- 5. Angle sum property of the triangle
- [a] For Acute Angle triangle
- [b] For Obtuse angle triangle
- [c] For right angle triangle
REPRESENTING ROOT 'X'
Su-Art-RX-05-20

- 1. Determining the value of ‘√x’ on the number line
SIMILARITY Vs CONGRUENCE
Su-Art-SC-06-20

- 1. Verifying for congruence (Triangle Cut-out demonstration)
- [1.1] SSS
- [1.2] SAS
- [1.3] ASA
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[1.4] AAS or SAA
- 2. Verifying Method that do not prove triangles are congruent (Triangle Cut-out demonstration)
- [2.1] AAA
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[2.2] SSA or ASS
- 3. Verifying for similarity
- [3.1] AA
- [3.2] SAS
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[3.3] SSS
- 4. Similar triangle theorem – Perpendicular drawn from the vertex of right angle... (Triangle cut-out demonstration)
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
Su-Art-AP-08-20

- 1. Verification that first ‘n’ natural numbers can be represented as rectangle
- 2. Verification that the first ‘n’ natural odd numbers can be represented as perfect square
BASIC PROPORTIONALITY / TRIANGLE THEOREM
Su-Art-BPTT-07-20

- 1. Triangle mid-segment theorem
- 2. Basic proportionality theorem
- 3. Angle bisector theorem
- 4. Triangle properties
- [a] Demonstrating equilateral triangle theorem
- [b] Side opposite to the greater angle in a triangle is always greater.
- [c] Sum of the two sides of the triangle is greater than the third side.
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
Su-Art-TI-09-20

- 1. The value of sineθ increases as ‘θ’ increases
- 2. The value of cosθ decreases as ‘θ’ increases.
- 3. The value of trigonometry ratios do not vary with lengths of the sides of the triangle, if the angle remains the same.
- 4. Verifying –
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[a] cos2A + sin2A = 1
[b] 1 + tan2A = sec2A
[c] cot2A + 1 = cosec2A
NUMBER OPERATIONS
Su-Art-NO-10-20

- 1. Addition of integers (positive and negative) over the number line. All cases have been explored.
- a) Addition of two integers having the same sign
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b) Addition of two integers having different signs
- 2. Subtraction of integers over the number line
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a) Subtraction of two integers either of them of both have the same sign.
- 3. Multiplication of integers over number line
- a) Multiplication of two integers having same sign.
- b) Multiplication of two integers having different sign
We design and manufacture Mathematical apparatus kits and establish Math labs.
We design and manufacture Mathematical apparatus kits and establish Math labs.
POLYGON / QUADRILATERAL PROPERTIES
Su-Art-PQP-11-20

- 1. Angle sum property of a polygon
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2. Exterior angle property of a polygon
- 3. Exploring kind of quadrilateral and their properties
- a) Exploring all squares are rhombus
- b) Exploring similarity and dissimilarity in kite and rhombus.
- c) Exploring similarities and differences in the properties with respect to diagonals of the quadrilaterals – a parallelogram, a square, a rectangle, a kite and a rhombus.
- d) Exploring figure obtained by joining the mid-points of consecutive sides of the quadrilateral
ALGEBRAIC IDENTITIES
Su-Art-AI-12-20

- 1. Modelling Identity I: (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
- 2. Modelling Identity II: (a – b)2 = a2– 2ab + b2
- 3. Modelling Identity III: a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a – b)
- 4. Modelling Identity IV: (x + a)(x + b) = x2 + (a + b) x + ab
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5. Modelling Identity V: (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
FRACTION OPERATIONS
Su-Art-FO-13-20

- 1. Modelling fractions
- [a] Modelling proper fractions
- [b] Modelling improper fractions and mixed fractions
- [c] Modelling fractions equivalent to one (1)
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[d] Modelling equivalent fractions
- 2. Operations over fractions
- [a] Summation operation with circular fractions / bar fractions
- [b] Subtraction operation with circular fractions / bar fractions.
TRIANGLE CENTRES
Su-Art-TC-14-20

- 1. Exploring and identifying the following triangle centres with respect to ‘Acute triangle’, ‘Right triangle’, ‘Obtuse triangle’
- [a] Incentre (I)
- [b] Orthocentre (H)
- [c] Centroid (G) and its property
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[d]Circumcenter (O)
- 2. Exploring Euler line and its property
DIRECT AND INVERSE PROPORTION
Su-Art-DIP-15-20

- 1. Exploring inverse proportional relationship between the two variables
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[a] Exploring relation between number of sectors and sectorial angle
- 2. Exploring direct proportional relationship
- [a] Exploring relationship between circle’s circumference and its diameter
- [b] Relationship between ‘base’ and ‘height’ for similar right triangles
- [c] Relationship between the ‘Area of quarter circle’ and its ‘radius’
SIMPLE INTEREST / COMPOUND INTEREST
Su-Art-SCI-16-20

- 1. Deducing Simple Interest.
- 2. Deducing Compound Interest and comparing it with 'Simple Interest' for 'same period', 'equal Principal amount' and 'equal annual rate of interest'.